

We propose that cumulative progress in cognitive neuroscience requires such a semantic infrastructure, and that this problem must be addressed through the development of knowledge bases of mental processes ( Price and Friston, 2005 Bilder et al., 2009). However, the semantic infrastructure for characterizing the psychological aspects of these studies has lagged far behind the technical infrastructure for databasing and analyzing the imaging results. The field of cognitive neuroscience faces an increasingly critical challenge: How can we integrate knowledge from an exploding number of studies across multiple methodologies in order to characterize how mental processes are implemented in the brain? The creation of neuroimaging databases containing data from large numbers of studies has provided the basis for powerful meta-analyses ( Laird et al., 2005). “We’re drowning in information and starving for knowledge” We describe a new open collaborative project that aims to provide a knowledge base for cognitive neuroscience, called the Cognitive Atlas (accessible online at ), and outline how this project has the potential to drive novel discoveries about both mind and brain. This topic has been addressed informally in prior work, but we propose that cumulative progress in cognitive neuroscience requires a more systematic approach to representing the mental entities that are being mapped to brain function and the tasks used to manipulate and measure mental processes.


3 National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, Mountain View, CA, USA.2 Human–Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.1 Imaging Research Center and Departments of Psychology and Neurobiology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA.
